
smbpasswd (5)

Samba
23 Oct 1998

NAME

smbpasswd - The Samba encrypted password file
smbpasswd - sambaܿļ

SYNOPSIS

smbpasswd is the Samba encrypted password file.
smbpasswdsambaļܿļ 

DESCRIPTION

This file is part of the Samba suite.
ļsamba׼һ֡ 

smbpasswd is the Samba encrypted password file. It contains the username, Unix 
user id and the SMB hashed passwords of the user, as well as account flag 
information and the time the password was last changed. This file format has 
been evolving with Samba and has had several different formats in the past.
smbpasswdsambaļܿļļаûUNIXûIDSMBû
(hashɢ㷨)˺ű־ϢϴθĿʱ䡣sambaѾĽ
ʽǰĸʽЩ֮ͬ

FILE FORMAT
ļʽ
The format of the smbpasswd file used by Samba 2.0 is very similar to the 
familiar Unix passwd (5) file. It is an ASCII file containing one line for each 
user. Each field within each line is separated from the next by a colon. Any 
entry beginning with # is ignored. The smbpasswd file contains the following 
information for each user:
samba 2.0ʹõsmbpasswdļʽǳ򵥣ҺUNIXpasswd 
(5)ļǳơǸASCIIļÿݶӦһûÿֶðŷָ
#ſʼнԡÿûsmbpasswdļжµϢ 

name
This is the user name. It must be a name that already exists in the standard 
UNIX passwd file.
ûǱ׼UNIXļѾڵû 

uid
This is the UNIX uid. It must match the uid field for the same user entry in the 
standard UNIX passwd file. If this does not match then Samba will refuse to 
recognize this smbpasswd file entry as being valid for a user.
UNIXûʶƥ׼UNIXļӦûUIDֶΡƥsamba
ȷϺϷû

Lanman Password Hash
LanmanĿɢб
This is the LANMAN hash of the users password, encoded as 32 hex digits. The 
LANMAN hash is created by DES encrypting a well known string with the users 
password as the DES key. This is the same password used by Windows 95/98 
machines. Note that this password hash is regarded as weak as it is vulnerable 
to dictionary attacks and if two users choose the same password this entry will 
be identical (i.e. the password is not "salted" as the UNIX password is). If the 
user has a null password this field will contain the characters "NO PASSWORD" as 
the start of the hex string. If the hex string is equal to 32 'X' characters 
then the users account is marked as disabled and the user will not be able to 
log onto the Samba server.
˴û32λʮƱLANMANɢбLANMANɢбDESܹû
ִWindows 95/98ҲʹͬĿעݿֵ乥·ǳ
ӦϸάûʹͬĿĻɢбͬ(ûUNIX
ӹ)ûʹ˿տֻԡNO PASSWORDͷʮ
ִЩʮִ32XĻôû˺žͱֹˣǴ
ûͲܵ¼sambaϡ

WARNING !!. Note that, due to the challenge-response nature of the SMB/CIFS 
authentication protocol, anyone with a knowledge of this password hash will be 
able to impersonate the user on the network. For this reason these hashes are 
known as "plain text equivalent" and must NOT be made available to anyone but 
the root user. To protect these passwords the smbpasswd file is placed in a 
directory with read and traverse access only to the root user and the smbpasswd 
file itself must be set to be read/write only by root, with no other access.
棡ע⵽ҪʹSMB/CIFS֤Эʵ-Ӧԣκ˽ɢб
Ϣ˶αװеûΪˣЩɢбϢ൱ֻǡġһ
rootκûӦûЩݣΪ˱Щsmbpasswdļŵֻ
rootûԶȡͷʵĿ¼УsmbpasswdļҲֻrootûԶ/д
޷ʡ

NT Password Hash
NTĿɢб
This is the Windows NT hash of the users password, encoded as 32 hex digits. The 
Windows NT hash is created by taking the users password as represented in 
16-bit, little-endian UNICODE and then applying the MD4 (internet rfc1321) 
hashing algorithm to it.
ָNTûɢбҲ32λʮƱ롣NTɢб16λûlittle-endian 
UNICODE뽨ȻMD4㷨Ӧɢб

This password hash is considered more secure than the Lanman Password Hash as it 
preserves the case of the password and uses a much higher quality hashing 
algorithm. However, it is still the case that if two users choose the same 
password this entry will be identical (i.e. the password is not "salted" as the 
UNIX password is).
ֿɢбLanman Password 
HashǸİȫԣøɢ㷨άûϢȻڵ
ûʹͬʱͬ(ûUNIXӹ)

WARNING !!. Note that, due to the challenge-response nature of the SMB/CIFS 
authentication protocol, anyone with a knowledge of this password hash will be 
able to impersonate the user on the network. For this reason these hashes are 
known as "plain text equivalent" and must NOT be made available to anyone but 
the root user. To protect these passwords the smbpasswd file is placed in a 
directory with read and traverse access only to the root user and the smbpasswd 
file itself must be set to be read/write only by root, with no other access.
棡ע⵽ҪʹSMB/CIFS֤Эʵ-Ӧԣκ˽ɢбϢ
˶αװеûΪˣЩɢбϢ൱ֻǡġһ
rootκûӦûЩݣΪ˱Щsmbpasswdļŵֻroot
ûԶȡͷʵĿ¼УsmbpasswdļҲֻrootûԶ/д
޷ʡ 

Account Flags
˺ű־
This section contains flags that describe the attributes of the users account. 
In the Samba2.0 release this field is bracketed by '[' and ']' characters and is 
always 13 characters in length (including the '[' and ']' characters). The 
contents of this field may be any of the characters.
˺ű־û˺ŵԡsamba 
2.0ֶá[͡]ַΧ⡣ܳ13ַ([͡]ַ)ⲿ
ݿκַ 

  'U' This means this is a "User" account, i.e. an ordinary user. Only User and 
  Workstation Trust accounts are currently supported in the smbpasswd file.
  U˵һû ˺ţԭʼûsmbpasswdļֻ֧û͹վ
  š

  'N' This means the account has no password (the passwords in the fields Lanman 
  Password Hash and NT Password Hash are ignored). Note that this will only 
  allow users to log on with no password if the null passwords parameter is set 
  in the smb.conf (5) config file.
  N˵˺ûп(Lanman Password HashNT Password 
  HashһֶеĿ)עsmb.conf (5)ļ趨null passwords
  ôֻûе¼

  'D' This means the account is disabled and no SMB/CIFS logins will be allowed 
  for this user.
  D˵˺űֹˣû޷¼SMB/CIFS 

  'W' This means this account is a "Workstation Trust" account. This kind of 
  account is used in the Samba PDC code stream to allow Windows NT Workstations 
  and Servers to join a Domain hosted by a Samba PDC.
  W˵˺Ǹվ ˺š˺űڰsambaΪPDCʱNTվͷ
  뵽е¡

Other flags may be added as the code is extended in future. The rest of this 
field space is filled in with spaces.
־Ϊչá־ֶµĿռÿո䡣 

Last Change Time
ıʱ

This field consists of the time the account was last modified. It consists of 
the characters LCT- (standing for "Last Change Time") followed by a numeric 
encoding of the UNIX time in seconds since the epoch (1970) that the last change 
was made.
ֶ˺޸ĵʱɡַLCT(׼ǡLast Change Time)UNIX
Ƶʱ(ӹԪ1970꿪ʼ)

Following fields
ֶ

All other colon separated fields are ignored at this time.
ðŷֶָڶԡ

NOTES
ע
In previous versions of Samba (notably the 1.9.18 series) this file did not 
contain the Account Flags or Last Change Time fields. The Samba 2.0 code will 
read and write these older password files but will not be able to modify the old 
entries to add the new fields. New entries added with smbpasswd (8) will contain 
the new fields in the added accounts however. Thus an older smbpasswd file used 
with Samba 2.0 may end up with some accounts containing the new fields and some 
not.
ڵİ汾(ر1.9.18ϵ)ļκû˺ű־Account Flags
ʱLast Change TimeֶΡsamba 2.0ĴԶ/дЩϵĿļȴ
ϵĿҲµֶΡsmbpasswd (8)ӵĿڼ˺ʱµֶΡ
samba 2.0ʹýϵļʱտܳЩû˺ŴֶζЩûе

In order to convert from an old-style smbpasswd file to a new style, run the 
script convert_smbpasswd, installed in the Samba bin/ directory (the same place 
that the smbd and nmbd binaries are installed) as follows:
Ϊ˰Ѿɸʽsmbpasswdļת¸ʽµĸʽsambaִгĿ¼е
convert_smbpasswdű(smbdnmbdλͬĿ¼)

    cat old_smbpasswd_file | convert_smbpasswd > new_smbpasswd_file 

The convert_smbpasswd script reads from stdin and writes to stdout so as not to 
overwrite any files by accident.
űӱ׼нждԲظκļ

Once this script has been run, check the contents of the new smbpasswd file to 
ensure that it has not been damaged by the conversion script (which uses awk), 
and then replace the <old smbpasswd file> with the <new smbpasswd file>.
һйűµsmbpasswdļݣȷûбתű(ʹawk)ƻȻ
µsmbpasswd滻ϵļ

VERSION
汾
This man page is correct for version 2.0 of the Samba suite.
ֲҳsamba׼汾2.0ġ    

SEE ALSO

smbpasswd (8), samba (7), and the Internet RFC1321 for details on the MD4 
algorithm.
smbpasswd (8), samba (7), Internet RFC1321жMD4㷨

AUTHOR

The original Samba software and related utilities were created by Andrew 
Tridgell samba-bugs@samba.org. Samba is now developed by the Samba Team as an 
Open Source project similar to the way the Linux kernel is developed.
sambaعAndrew Tridgell 
samba-bugs@samba.orgsambaɿΪLinuxں˿õĿԴ
ʽչ 

The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. The man page sources 
were converted to YODL format (another excellent piece of Open Source software, 
available at ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/) and updated for the Samba2.0 
release by Jeremy Allison. samba-bugs@samba.org.
sambaֲҳKarl 
Auer׫дԴѱתYODL(һּõĿԴ
ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/)ʽJeremy Allisonµsamba2.0汾 

See samba (7) to find out how to get a full list of contributors and details on 
how to submit bug reports, comments etc.
μsamba (7)λһάбԼύ󱨸漰עȵȡ

[İά] meaculpa email:meaculpa@21cn.com
[İ¸] 2000/12/08
MAN-PAGEƻ:http://www.cmpp.net/